Title: 2023 Texas Constitutional Amendments Guide
Original CoS Document (slug): 2023-texas-constitutional-amendments-guide
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Attached File: 2023_TX_Constitution_Amendments.pdf
Created: 2023-08-27 22:14:12
Updated: 2024-08-27 23:00:00
Published: 2023-08-27 19:00:00
Converted: 2025-04-14T20:13:25.935367775
Texas Constitutional Amendments 2023
Texas Constitutional
Amendments 2023
Wording, Explanation, and Analysis
(Listed In The Order That They Will Appear On The Ballot)
Updated 10/22/2023
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 1
“The constitutional amendment protecting the right to engage in farming, ranching, timber production,
horticulture, and wildlife management.“
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 126 proposes a constitutional amendment to protect a person’s right to engage in generally accepted farm,
ranch, timber production, horticulture, or wildlife management practices on real property that the person owns
or leases. The proposed amendment would not affect the authority of the legislature to authorize the regulation
of these practices by: (1) a state agency or political subdivision as necessary to protect the public health and
safety from imminent danger; (2) a state agency to prevent a danger to animal health or crop production; or
(3) a state agency or political subdivision to preserve or conserve the natural resources of the state under the
Texas Constitution. Additionally, the proposed amendment would not affect the legislature’s authority to
authorize the use or acquisition of property for a public use, including the development of natural resources
under the Texas Constitution.
Bill Number: HJR 126
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Taxpayer Cost:
$0
A
“YES” vote supports establishing a right to farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife management in the Texas Constitution.
A
“NO” vote opposes establishing a right to farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife management in the Texas Constitution.
Background (2)
Farmland and ranch land in this state is being impacted by the growth of urban areas and increasing municipal
regulation. The proposed amendment provides constitutional protection to farmers and ranchers engaged in
normal practices of agricultural operations on property they own or lease.
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 126 amends the Bill of Rights to the Texas Constitution (Article I) by adding Section 36, which would
protect the people’s right to engage in generally accepted farm, ranch, timber production, horticulture, or
wildlife management practices on land they own or lease. The proposed amendment maintains the legislature’s
authority to enact laws authorizing the regulation of generally accepted agriculture practices under three
circumstances. First, the legislature may authorize a state agency or political subdivision to regulate those
practices when there is clear and convincing evidence that the law or regulation is necessary to protect the
public health and safety from imminent danger. Second, the legislature may authorize a state agency to regulate
those practices to prevent a danger to animal health or crop production. Third, the legislature may authorize a
state agency or political subdivision to regulate those 2 practices to preserve or conserve the natural resources
of the state, as provided by Section 59, Article XVI, Texas Constitution. The proposed amendment also provides
that the new right to engage in these activities does not affect the legislature’s authority to enact laws
authorizing use of the power of eminent domain.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Texas Cattle Feeders Association, Texas Farm Bureau (AGFUND), Texas Forestry Association,
Texas Landowners Council, Texas Poultry Federation, Texas Seed Trade Association, and Texas Wildlife
Association registered in support of the amendment. State Reps. DeWayne Burns (R-58), Dustin
Burrows (R-83), Mary Gonzalez (D-75), Trent Ashby (R-9), and Diego Bernal (D-123), Texas Commissioner of
Agriculture Sid Miller, South Texans Property Rights Association, Texas Nursery & Landscape Association,
Texas Sheep and Goat Raisers Association, Travis County Farm Bureau, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility,
OPPOSE: The Farm and Ranch Freedom Alliance and the Humane Society, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: DeWayne Burns (R-58)
Senate Sponsor: Charles Perry (R-28)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 2
“The constitutional amendment authorizing a local option exemption from ad valorem taxation by a county or
municipality of all or part of the appraised value of real property used to operate a child-care facility.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 64 proposes a constitutional amendment to allow the governing body of a county or municipality to exempt
from property taxation all or part of the appraised value of real property used to operate a child-care facility.
The proposed amendment would authorize the governing body to adopt the exemption as a percentage of the
appraised value of the property, but that percentage could not be less than 50% of the appraised value of the
property. The proposed amendment also would allow the legislature to define the term “child-care facility” and
to establish additional eligibility requirements to receive the property tax exemption.
Bill Number: SJR 64
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Taxpayer Cost:
$TBD
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to allow counties or municipalities to authorize a property tax exemption from ad valorem taxation on all or part of the appraised
value of real property used to operate childcare facilities.
A
“NO” vote opposes this constitutional amendment to authorize local property tax exemptions from ad valorem taxation on properties used to operate childcare facilities.
Background (2)
Section 1, Article VIII, Texas Constitution, requires that taxation be equal and uniform, and that all real and
tangible personal property be taxed in proportion to its value unless the property is exempt as required or
permitted by the constitution. Any exception to that rule that is not authorized by the Texas Constitution is
invalid. Neither the legislature nor a local government that imposes ad valorem taxes may
exempt any property from ad valorem taxation without constitutional authority.
Analysis (2)
S.J.R. 64, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, proposes to add Section 1-r to Article VIII, Texas Constitution,
to authorize the governing body of a county or municipality to exempt from ad valorem taxation all or part of the
appraised value of real property used to operate a child-care facility. The resolution authorizes the governing
body of the county or municipality to adopt the exemption as a percentage of the appraised value of the
property, provided that the percentage adopted by the governing body is not less than 50 percent. The
resolution further authorizes the legislature by general law to define “child-care facility” for purposes of the
exemption and to prescribe eligibility requirements for the exemption.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Methodist Healthcare Ministries, Texas Resaurant Association, State Sen. Royce West (D-23)
OPPOSE: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Royce West (D-23)
House Sponsor: James Talarico (D-50)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 3
“The constitutional amendment prohibiting the imposition of an individual wealth or net worth tax, including
a tax on the difference between the assets and liabilities of an individual or family.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 132 proposes a constitutional amendment to prohibit the legislature from imposing a tax based on the
wealth or net worth of an individual or family. The proposed amendment also would prohibit the legislature
from imposing a tax based on the difference between the assets and liabilities of an individual or family.
Bill Number: HJR 132
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Taxpayer Cost:
$TBD
A
“YES” vote supports amending the Texas Constitution to prohibit the Legislature from enacting a wealth or net worth tax in the future.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the Texas Constitution to prohibit the Legislature from enacting a wealth or net worth tax in the future.
Background (2)
Texas does not currently impose a state tax on the wealth or net worth of an individual or family. However,
because Section 1, Article VIII, Texas Constitution, requires or authorizes, under certain circumstances, the
taxation of both tangible and intangible property, a tax on an individual’s or family’s wealth or net worth, such
as a property tax on an individual’s stock holdings or bank accounts, is not strictly
prohibited by the Texas Constitution.
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 132 amends Article VIII, Texas Constitution, by adding Section 25, which would prohibit the imposition of a
tax on the wealth or net worth of individuals or families, including a tax based on the difference between the
assets and liabilities of an individual or family.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: State Rep. Cole Hefner (R-5), All Republican legislators voted in favor of the amendment. True
Texas Project, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
OPPOSE: Every Texan, Texas American Federation of Teachers
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Cole Hefner (R-5)
Senate Sponsor: Bryan Hughes (R-1)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 4
“The constitutional amendment to authorize the legislature to establish a temporary limit on the maximum appraised value of real property other
than a residence homestead for ad valorem tax purposes; to increase the amount of the exemption from ad valorem taxation by a school district
applicable to residence homesteads from $40,000 to $100,000; to adjust the amount of the limitation on school district ad valorem taxes
imposed on the residence homesteads of the elderly or disabled to reflect increases in certain exemption amounts; to except certain
appropriations to pay for ad valorem tax relief from the constitutional limitation on the rate of growth of appropriations; and to authorize the
legislature to provide for a four-year term of office for a member of the board of directors of certain appraisal districts.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 2 proposes a constitutional amendment to modify certain provisions of the Texas Constitution related to property taxes. The
proposed amendment would authorize the legislature to temporarily limit the maximum appraised value of real property for
property tax purposes in a tax year. The proposed amendment also would increase the mandatory homestead exemption for
school district property taxation from $40,000 to $100,000. The proposed amendment would require the legislature to provide
for a reduction in the amount of the limitation on school district property taxes imposed on the residence homestead of the
elderly or disabled. Additionally, the amendment would exempt appropriations not dedicated by the Texas Constitution and used
for property tax relief from being considered as appropriations when determining whether the rate of growth of appropriations in
a biennium has exceeded the constitutional tax spending limit. The proposed amendment would further authorize the legislature
to provide that members serving on an appraisal board in a county with a population of at least 75,000 serve terms not to exceed
four years.
Bill Number: HJR 2
(2S.S.)
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Taxpayer Cost:
$12B (from budget surplus)
A
“YES” vote supports amending the Texas Constitution to allow code changes to increase the residential homestead exemption to $100,000 and provide evaluation compression to temporarily lower property taxes.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the Texas Constitution to allow code changes to increase the residential homestead exemption to $100,000 and provide evaluation compression to temporarily lower property taxes.
Background (2)
H.J.R. 2, 88th Legislature, 2nd Called Session, 2023, proposes several amendments to the Texas Constitution
relating to ad valorem taxes and the administration of the ad valorem tax system. S.B. 2, 88th Legislature, 2nd
Called Session, 2023, the Property Tax Relief Act, is the enabling legislation for H.J.R. 2. The amendments
proposed by H.J.R. 2 are necessary to allow the legislature to make the changes in law proposed by S.B. 2.
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 2, 88th Legislature, 2nd Called Session, 2023, proposes several amendments to the Texas Constitution relating to ad valorem
taxes and the administration of the ad valorem tax system. S.B. 2, 88th Legislature, 2nd Called Session, 2023, the Property Tax Relief
Act, is the enabling legislation for the proposed amendments.
1. The proposed constitutional amendment authorizes the legislature to establish a temporary limit on the maximum appraised value
of real property other than a residence homestead in a tax year of the lesser of the market value of the property or 120 percent, or a
greater percentage, of the appraised value of the property for the preceding tax year. If the proposed amendment is approved by the
voters, S.B. 2 implements this appraisal limit so that the appraised value of real property does not increase by more than 20 percent a
year for the next three years.
2. The proposed amendment increases the portion of the market value of a residence homestead that is exempt from ad valorem
taxation for public school purposes from $40,000 to $100,000.
3. The proposed amendment provides for a reduction of the limitation, or ”tax freeze,“ on the total amount of ad valorem taxes that
may be imposed for public school purposes on the homestead of an elderly or disabled person to reflect increases in the amount of
school district residence homestead exemptions, including the increase to $100,000 described above and any future increases.
4. The proposed amendment excepts appropriations of state tax revenue for purposes of paying for ad valorem tax relief from the
constitutional limit on the rate of growth of appropriations. This change has the effect of exempting state payments to reduce school
district taxes from the general state spending cap on appropriations and applies to the amounts appropriated by the 88th Legislature
to decrease school tax rates as directed by S.B. 2.
5. Finally, the proposed amendment authorizes the legislature to provide for four-year terms for members of the governing body of an
appraisal district established for a county with a population of 75,000 or more. S.B. 2, which provides for a combination of elected and
appointed appraisal district board members in counties with a population of 75,000 or more if this amendment is approved, increases
the terms of board members in those populous counties to four years.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Gov. Greg Abbott, Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick, State Rep. Will Metcalf (R-16), State Rep. Dade Phelan (R-21), National Federation of
Independent Business-Texas, Texas Association of Builders, Texas Realtors, True Texas Project, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
OPPOSE:
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Will Metcalf (R-16)
Senate Sponsor: Paul Bettencourt (R-7)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 5
“The constitutional amendment relating to the Texas University Fund, which provides funding to certain
institutions of higher education to achieve national prominence as major research universities and drive the
state economy.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 3 proposes a constitutional amendment to redesignate the national research university fund as the Texas University Fund
(TUF), and to appropriate funds from the economic stabilization fund to the TUF. The proposed amendment would appropriate to
the TUF an amount equal to the interest income, dividends, and investment earnings attributable to the economic stabilization
fund for the preceding state fiscal year. The appropriation amount could not exceed $100 million for the state fiscal year beginning
September 1, 2023, or an amount adjusted for the increase in the general price index, not to exceed two percent, in subsequent
state fiscal years. The proposed amendment also would prohibit any state university that is entitled to participate in dedicated
funding provided by Article VII, Section 18 of the Texas Constitution from receiving money from the TUF.
Bill Number: HJR 3
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Taxpayer Cost:
$273 M
A
“YES” vote supports renaming the National Research University Fund to the Texas University Fund and allocating annually the interest income, dividends, and investment earnings from
the state’s “rainy day” fund to the university fund to support research activities at state universities.
A
“NO” vote opposes renaming the National Research University Fund to the Texas University Fund and establishing an ongoing revenue source for the fund.
Background (2)
Section 20, Article VII, Texas Constitution, established the national research university fund in 2009 to provide a dedicated,
independent, and equitable source of funding to enable emerging research universities in this state to achieve national
prominence as major research universities. The section provides that the legislature by general law may establish the criteria by
which a state university becomes eligible to receive money from the fund and that a state university that becomes eligible to
receive money from the fund in a state fiscal biennium remains eligible to receive money from the fund in any subsequent state
fiscal biennium. The University of Texas at Austin and Texas A&M University, however, are not eligible to receive money from the
fund.
Section 22, Article VIII, Texas Constitution, often referred to as the constitutional spending limit, provides that the rate of growth of
appropriations from state tax revenues not dedicated by the Texas Constitution for a state fiscal biennium may not exceed the
estimated rate of growth of the state’s economy for that biennium. The section authorizes the legislature to provide for
appropriations in excess of that limit by a resolution approved by a majority vote of each house finding that an emergency exists
and identifying the nature of the emergency
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 3, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, proposes an amendment to the Texas Constitution to rename
the national research university fund, which is used to support emerging research universities in Texas, as the
Texas University Fund. The amendment would exclude state universities that are supported by the Permanent
University Fund from eligibility to receive money from the Texas University Fund, and exempt money in the fund
and state tax revenues appropriated to the fund from the constitutional state spending cap, which generally
limits the rate of growth of appropriations. The proposed amendment further provides for a dedicated source
of revenue for the Texas University Fund from the interest income, dividends, and investment earnings
attributable to the state’s economic stabilization fund (“rainy day fund”), not to exceed $100 million per state
fiscal year, as adjusted for inflation up to two percent per state fiscal year after the 2024 state fiscal year
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Greater Houston Parnership, Greater Austin chamber of Commerce, North Texas Commission,
Teaching Hospitals of Texas, Texas Association of Business, Texas Business Leadership Council
OPPOSE: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Greg Bonnen(R-24)
Senate Sponsor: Joan Huffman (R-17)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 6
“The constitutional amendment creating the Texas water fund to assist in financing water projects in this
state.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 75 proposes a constitutional amendment to create the Texas water fund. The Texas water fund would be a special fund in the
state treasury outside the general revenue fund, administered by the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) or its successor to
assist in financing water projects in the state. The proposed amendment would direct the Texas water fund administrator to use
the fund only to transfer money to other TWDB funds or accounts. The proposed amendment would authorize the legislature to
appropriate money for deposit to the water fund to be available for permitted transfers. No further legislative appropriation would
be required for the water fund administrator to transfer money from or restore money to the fund, including the transfer of
money to or the restoration of money from certain designated TWDB funds and accounts. The water fund would consist of: (1)
money transferred or deposited to the fund by general law; (2) other revenue that the legislature by statute dedicates for deposit
to the fund; (3) investment earnings and interest earned on amounts credited to the fund; (4) money from gifts, grants, and
donations to the fund; and (5) money returned from any authorized transfer. The proposed amendment would require the
legislature, by general law, to provide for the manner in which money from the Texas water fund may be used. The proposed
amendment also would require that at least 25% of the money initially appropriated to the Texas water fund be transferred to the
New Water Supply for Texas Fund.
Bill Number: SJR 75
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Taxpayer Cost:
$1 B
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to create the Texas Water Fund administered by the Texas Water Development Board to finance water projects in the state.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the state constitution to create the Texas Water Fund administered by the Texas Water Development Board to finance water projects in the state.
Background (2)
Persistent drought and continued population growth across Texas have overburdened and even depleted existing water sources.
Aging water infrastructure causes significant water loss and often compromises the quality of water delivered to customers.
Existing funding mechanisms for water projects do not provide sufficient flexibility to allow the Texas Water Development Board to
undertake projects necessary to secure new water supply sources and repair existing water infrastructure.
Analysis (2)
S.J.R. 75 proposes an amendment to the Texas Constitution to create the Texas water fund as a special fund
in the state treasury outside the general revenue fund to be administered by the Texas Water Development
Board or that board’s successor in function. The resolution authorizes the administrator of the fund to use the
fund only to transfer money to other funds or accounts administered by the board or its successor in function.
The resolution also provides that money transferred from the fund to another fund or account may be spent as
provided by general law, or may be restored to the Texas water fund without further appropriation. The
resolution provides that not less than 25 percent of the initial appropriation to the fund must be used for
transfer to the New Water Supply for Texas Fund. The resolution authorizes the expenses of managing the
investments of the Texas water fund to be paid from that fund. Finally, the resolution provides that an
appropriation of state tax revenues for the purpose of depositing money to the credit of the fund does not count
against the constitutional limit on the rate of growth of appropriations, which has the effect of excluding the
appropriation from the state spending limit.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: ExxonMobil, Occidental Petroleum, San Antonio Water Systems, Texas Association of Builders, Texas Association of
Business, Texas Desalination Association, Texas Farm Bureau (AGFUND), Texas Municipal League, Texas Oil & Gas Association –
TXOGA PAC, Texas Rural Water Association, Texas Water Conservation Association, Texas Water Development Board, Texas
Water Infrastructure Network, Texas Water Supply Partners, Water Environment Association of Texas
OPPOSE: True Texas Project
NEUTRAL: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Charles Perry (R-28)
House Sponsor: Tracy O. King (D-80)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 7
“The constitutional amendment providing for the creation of the Texas energy fund to support the
construction, maintenance, modernization, and operation of electric generating facilities.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 93 proposes a constitutional amendment to establish the Texas energy fund. The Texas energy fund would be a special fund in
the state treasury outside the general revenue fund, administered by the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUC) or its successor.
Money in the Texas energy fund could be used, without further appropriation, only by PUC or its successor to provide loans and
grants to finance or incentivize the construction, maintenance, modernization, and operation of electric generating facilities
necessary to ensure the reliability or adequacy of an electric power grid in the state. The proposed amendment would require PUC
to allocate money from the fund for loans and grants to eligible projects for electric generating facilities that serve as backup
power sources and in each region of the state that is part of an electric power grid in proportion to that region’s load share. The
Texas energy fund would consist of: (1) money credited, appropriated, or transferred to the fund by or as authorized by the
legislature; (2) revenue that the legislature dedicates for deposit to the fund; (3) the returns received from the investment of the
money in the fund; and (4) gifts, grants, and donations contributed to the fund.
Bill Number: SJR 93
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Taxpayer Cost:
$5 B
A
“YES” vote supports creating the Texas Energy Fund to be administered by the Public Utilities Commission and authorizing the state legislature to allocate funds for the modernization
of electric generating facilities.
A
“NO” vote opposes creating the Texas Energy Fund to be administered by the Public Utilities Commission and authorizing the state legislature to allocate funds for the modernization of
electric generating facilities.
Background (2)
The constitutional amendment proposed by S.J.R. 93, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, would create the Texas energy fund
and authorize the Public Utility Commission of Texas to administer and use the fund as provided by general law, without further
appropriation, to provide loans and grants to any entity to finance or incentivize the construction, maintenance, modernization,
and operation of electric generating facilities, including associated infrastructure, necessary to ensure the reliability or adequacy of
an electric power grid in Texas
Analysis (2)
S.J.R. 93, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, proposes the addition of Section 49-q to Article III, Texas
Constitution, to provide for the creation of the Texas energy fund to support the construction, maintenance,
modernization, and operation of electric generating facilities. If this amendment is approved by the voters, the
legislature has provided initial funding of $5 billion and enacted enabling legislation to begin providing loans and
grants from the fund.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: ConocoPhillips Alaska, Koch Companies, BASF Corporation Employees PAC, North Texas Commission, Texas Association
of Manufacturers, Texas Oil and Gas Association, Texas Pipeline Association, Valero energy Corporation PAC,
OPPOSE: Oneok, Inc., Environment Texas, Texas Advanced Energy Business Alliance, Texas Consumer Association, Texans For
Fiscal Responsibility, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Charles Schwertner (R-5)
House Sponsor: Todd Hunter (R-32)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 8
“The constitutional amendment creating the broadband infrastructure fund to expand high-speed broadband
access and assist in the financing of connectivity projects.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 125 proposes a constitutional amendment to create the broadband infrastructure fund. The broadband infrastructure fund
would be a special fund in the state treasury outside the general revenue fund, administered by the Texas Comptroller of Public
Accounts (Comptroller). Money from the fund could be used, without further appropriation, only for the expansion of access to and
adoption of broadband and telecommunications services. The broadband infrastructure fund would consist of: (1) money
transferred or deposited to the fund by the Texas Constitution, general law, or the General Appropriations Act; (2) revenue that the
legislature by general law dedicates for deposit to the fund; (3) investment earnings and interest earned on money in the fund; and
(4) gifts, grants, and donations to the fund. The proposed amendment would authorize the Comptroller to transfer money from
the broadband infrastructure fund to another fund as provided by general law, and the state agency that administers the fund to
which any money is transferred could use the money without further appropriation only for the expansion of access to and
adoption of broadband and telecommunications services. The broadband infrastructure fund would expire on September 1, 2035,
unless extended by adoption of a joint resolution of the legislature. Immediately before the expiration of the fund, the Comptroller
would be required to transfer any unexpended and unobligated balance remaining in the broadband infrastructure fund to the
general revenue fund.
Bill Number: HJR 125
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Taxpayer Cost:
$1.5 B
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to create the broadband infrastructure fund to finance broadband and telecommunications projects.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the state constitution to create the broadband infrastructure fund to finance broadband and telecommunications projects.
Background (2)
The constitutional amendment proposed by H.J.R. 125 creates the broadband infrastructure fund as a special fund in the state
treasury outside the general revenue fund and authorizes the comptroller of public accounts to administer the fund. The
fund consists of money transferred or deposited to the credit of the fund by the constitution, general law, or the General
Appropriations Act, revenue dedicated by general law for deposit to the credit of the fund, investment earnings and interest
earned on money in the fund, and gifts, grants, and donations to the fund.
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 125 proposes the addition of Section 49-d-16, Article III, Texas Constitution, to create the broadband
infrastructure fund for the expansion of access to and adoption of broadband and telecommunications services.
The proposed amendment takes effect January 1, 2024, and expires on September 1, 2035, unless extended for
10 years by a concurrent resolution approved by a record vote of two-thirds of the members of each house of
the legislature. The legislature has appropriated $1.5 billion to the proposed fund contingent on voter approval
of the proposed amendment.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: AARP Texas, AT&T Inc. Federal PAC, Comcast Corporation & NBC Universal PAC – Federal, Conference of Urban
Counties, T-Mobile US, Inc. PAC (T-PAC), Texas Association of Realtors, Texas Broadband Now, Texas Cable Association, Texas
Farm Bureau (AGFUND), Verizon Communications, Inc. PAC (Verizon PAC)
OPPOSE: Texas For Liberty, True Texas Project, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Trent Ashby (R-9)
Senate Sponsor: Joan Huffman (R-17)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 9
“The constitutional amendment authorizing the 88th Legislature to provide a cost-of-living adjustment to
certain annuitants of the Teacher Retirement System of Texas.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 2 proposes a constitutional amendment to authorize the legislature to provide a cost-of- living adjustment
to eligible annuitants of the Teacher Retirement System of Texas (TRS). The proposed amendment also would
authorize the legislature to appropriate money from the general revenue fund to the Texas Comptroller of
Public Accounts to pay the cost-of-living adjustment.
Bill Number: HJR 2
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Taxpayer Cost:
$3.4 B
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to authorize the state legislature to make cost-of-living adjustments to certain annuitants, as defined by law, of the Teacher
Retirement System of Texas.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the state constitution to authorize the state legislature to make cost-of-living adjustments to certain annuitants, as defined by law, of the Teacher
Retirement System of Texas.
Background (2)
Section 67, Article XVI, Texas Constitution, authorizes the legislature to enact general laws establishing systems of programs of
retirement and related disability benefits for public employees and officers. Section 67(b)(1), Article XVI, Texas Constitution,
specifically requires the legislature to establish the Teacher Retirement System of Texas (TRS) “to provide benefits for persons
employed in the public schools, colleges, and universities supported wholly or partly by the state.” Included in the authority to
provide benefits is the authority to change benefits, which the legislature has done on multiple occasions since the creation of the
TRS. Historically, an increase in benefits provided under the TRS was funded from the system’s trust fund, an appropriation of state
revenues, or some combination of those methods of funding. Regardless of the method of funding used to provide an increase in
benefits, Section 67(a), Article XVI, Texas Constitution, requires that the “[f]inancing of benefits . . . be based on sound actuarial
principles.” If the legislature seeks to fund an increase in benefits using an appropriation of state revenues, depending on the
amount or method of appropriation, the Texas Constitution may impose other limitations on the appropriation, including the
spending limit imposed by Section 22, Article VIII, Texas Constitution. Section 22, Article VIII, limits the rate of growth of 50
appropriations from state tax revenues not dedicated by the Texas Constitution for a state fiscal biennium to the estimated rate of
growth of the state’s economy.
Analysis (2)
H.J.R. 2, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, proposes a temporary amendment to the Texas Constitution
that authorizes the current 88th Legislature to (1) provide by general law a cost-of-living adjustment to certain
annuitants of the Teacher Retirement System of Texas and (2) appropriate state money to pay for the
adjustment. The legislature has appropriated $3.355 billion to fund the cost-of-living adjustment contingent on
voter approval of the proposed amendment.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Texas AFL-CIO, Raise Your Hands Texas, Texas Association of School Administrators, Texas Association of School Boards,
Texas Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association, Texas Retired Teachers Association, Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick, Sen. Sarah
Eckhardt (D-14 ), Sen. Joan Huffman (R-17), Rep. Mihaela Plesa (D-70)
OPPOSE:
NEUTRAL: True Texas Project, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Greg Bonnen (R-24)
Senate Sponsor: Joan Huffman (R-17)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 10
“The constitutional amendment to authorize the legislature to exempt from ad valorem taxation equipment or
inventory held by a manufacturer of medical or biomedical products to protect the Texas healthcare network
and strengthen our medical supply chain.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 87 proposes a constitutional amendment to allow the legislature to exempt from property taxation tangible
personal property held by a medical or biomedical manufacturer as a finished good or used in the
manufacturing or processing of medical or biomedical products.
Bill Number: SJR 87
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Taxpayer Cost:
$29 M
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to authorize the state legislature to provide for an ad valorem tax exemption on equipment and inventory manufactured by
medical or biomedical companies.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the state constitution to authorize the state legislature to provide for an ad valorem tax exemption on equipment and inventory manufactured by medical
or biomedical companies.
Background (2)
Under current state law, most property held by a business and used for the production of income is subject to
ad valorem taxation. Section 1, Article VIII, Texas Constitution, requires that taxation be equal and uniform and
that all real and tangible personal property be taxed in proportion to its value unless the property is exempt as
required or permitted by the constitution. The legislature may not exempt real or tangible personal property
from ad valorem taxation unless the exemption is required or authorized by the constitution. Previously, Texas
voters have approved constitutional amendments excepting various forms of commercial personal property
from taxation, including exemptions for agricultural equipment and products, pollution control equipment,
goods held temporarily for manufacturing or export, and marine oil drilling equipment in storage.
Analysis (2)
The constitutional amendment proposed by S.J.R. 87 amends Article VIII, Texas Constitution, by adding Section
1-x to authorize the legislature to exempt from ad valorem taxation the tangible personal property held by a
manufacturer of medical or biomedical products as a finished good or used in the manufacturing or processing
of medical or biomedical products.
The enabling legislation for the proposed exemption is S.B. 2289, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023. The bill
amends Subchapter B, Chapter 11, Tax Code, by adding Section 11.36. That section defines “medical or
biomedical property” and “medical or biomedical manufacturing facility” for purposes of the section and
provides that a person is entitled to an exemption from ad valorem taxation of medical or biomedical property
the person owns or leases that is located in a medical or biomedical manufacturing facility that the person owns
or leases. The new section also provides that, notwithstanding Section 11.14©, Tax Code, which authorizes the
governing body of a taxing unit to provide for the taxation of tangible personal property that a person owns and
that is not held or used for production of income, the governing body of a taxing unit may not provide for
taxation of medical or biomedical property exempted under that section. The enabling legislation also includes
application procedures and other provisions relating to the administration of the exemption.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Biotechnology Innovation Organization, Greater Houston Parnership, Texas Healthcare
and Bioscience Institute, Texas Medical Center
OPPOSE: True Texas Project, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Joan Huffman (R-17)
House Sponsor: Greg Bonnen (R-24)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 11
“The constitutional amendment authorizing the legislature to permit conservation and reclamation districts in
El Paso County to issue bonds supported by ad valorem taxes to fund the development and maintenance of
parks and recreational facilities.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 32 proposes a constitutional amendment to expand the authority of the legislature with regard to conservation and
reclamation districts in El Paso County. The Texas Constitution permits conservation and reclamation districts in certain counties
across the state to issue bonds to fund the development and maintenance of parks and recreational facilities but does not
currently provide this authority to El Paso County. The proposed amendment would add conservation and reclamation districts in
El Paso County to those districts currently allowed, if authorized by general law, to issue bonds supported by property taxes to
fund the development and maintenance of parks and recreational facilities. The proposed amendment would not limit the powers
of the legislature or of a conservation and reclamation district with respect to parks and recreational facilities as those powers
currently exist.
Bill Number: SJR 32
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Taxpayer Cost:
$0
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to authorize the state legislature to permit conservation and reclamation districts in El Paso County to issue bonds to fund parks
and recreational facilities.
A
“NO” vote opposes this constitutional amendment, thereby maintaining that conservation and reclamation districts in El Paso County cannot issue bonds.
Background (2)
The constitutional amendment proposed by S.J.R. 32, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, provides specific authority to the
legislature regarding parks and recreational facilities developed by conservation and reclamation districts in El Paso County. The
legislature’s general authority to create conservation and reclamation districts is granted by Section 59, Article XVI, Texas
Constitution. One of those provisions, Section 59(c-1), added to the constitution in 2003, is the subject of the proposed
amendment. Section 59(c-1), Article XVI, Texas Constitution, applies only to conservation and reclamation districts located in one of
10 listed populous counties (Bexar, Bastrop, Waller, Travis, Williamson, Harris, Galveston, Brazoria, Fort Bend, and Montgomery
Counties) and to the Tarrant County Regional Water District. The legislature previously adopted S.J.R. 28, 82nd Legislature, Regular
Session, 2011, which would have amended the Texas Constitution to make the same change in law regarding districts in El Paso
County as is proposed by S.J.R. 32, but that amendment was not approved by the voters at the election held on November 8, 2011.
Analysis (2)
The constitutional amendment proposed by S.J.R. 32, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, would amend
Section 59(c-1), Article XVI, Texas Constitution, to add El Paso County to the list of counties in Section 59(c-1) in
which the legislature may authorize conservation and reclamation districts (special districts such as water
control and improvement districts, municipal management districts, and special utility districts) to develop and
finance parks and other purely recreational facilities with taxes. The amendment, without limiting any power to
finance parks and recreational facilities in El Paso County that currently exists, provides for the issuance of bonds
financed by taxes in districts located wholly or partly in El Paso County.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: El Paso Water, Rep. Joseph Moody (D-78)
OPPOSE: True Texas Project
NEUTRAL: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Cesar Blanco (D-29)
House Sponsor: Joseph Moody (D-78)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 12
“The constitutional amendment providing for the abolition of the office of county treasurer in Galveston
County.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 134 proposes a constitutional amendment to abolish the office of County Treasurer in Galveston County.
The amendment would authorize the Galveston County Commissioners Court to employ or contract with a
qualified person or designate another county officer to perform any functions that would have been performed
by the County Treasurer. The proposed amendment would take effect only if a majority of the voters of
Galveston County voting on the proposition favor the amendment.
Bill Number: HJR 134
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Taxpayer Cost:
$0
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to provide for the abolishment of the Galveston County treasurer and authorizing the county to employ or contract a qualified
person or designate another county officer to fulfill the function previously performed by the treasurer.
A
“NO” vote opposes amending the state constitution to provide for the abolishment of the Galveston County treasurer.
Background (2)
Section 44, Article XVI, Texas Constitution, requires in part that the legislature prescribe the duties and provide
for the election of a county treasurer in each county. Section 44 also provides that each county treasurer shall
have an office at the county seat, hold their office for four years, and be compensated as provided by law.
Section 44 also provides that the office of county treasurer does not exist in a county in which the office has
been abolished pursuant to a constitutional amendment.
Analysis (2)
The constitutional amendment proposing to add Section 44(d), Article XVI, Texas Constitution, if approved
by the voters, would abolish the office of county treasurer in Galveston County and authorize the commissioners
court of that county to employ or contract with a qualified person, or designate a county officer, to perform any
of the functions that would have been performed by the county treasurer if the office had not been abolished.
The amendment also provides that the amendment takes effect only if, in addition to approval by voters across
the state, a majority of the voters in Galveston County voting on the question also approve the amendment.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Dickinson City Councilmember Jessie Brantley, Galveston County Director of Government
Relations Zach Davidson, Galveston County Treasurer Hank Dugie, Texans For Fiscal Responsibility
OPPOSE: True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Greg Bonnen (R-24)
Senate Sponsor: Mayes Middleton (R-11)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 13
“The constitutional amendment to increase the mandatory age of retirement for state justices and judges.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
HJR 107 proposes a constitutional amendment to increase the mandatory retirement age for state justices and
judges. Currently, the Texas Constitution establishes that justices and judges of the appellate courts, district
courts, and criminal district courts must retire on the expiration of the term during which they reach the age of
75 years or an earlier age, not less than 70 years, as the legislature may prescribe. The proposed amendment
would change the mandatory retirement age for justices and judges of the appellate courts, district courts, and
criminal district courts to 79 years or an earlier age, not less than 75 years, as the legislature may prescribe. The
proposed amendment also would remove the provision stating that justices and judges may only serve until
December 31 of their fourth year in office if they reach the age of 75 years in the first four years of a six-year
term.
Bill Number: HJR 107
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Taxpayer Cost:
$TBD
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to increase the mandatory retirement age for state judges and justices from 75 to 79.
A
“NO” vote opposes increasing the mandatory retirement age of state justices and judges and removing the requirement that if a judge or justice is elected to serve a six-year term and
reaches 75 years of age during the first four years of service the justice or judge must vacate the office on December 31 of the fourth year of the term.
Background (2)
Section 1-a(1), Article V, Texas Constitution, requires a state judge or justice to retire at the end of the term
during which the judge or justice reaches the age of 75 or, if the judge or justice is serving a six-year term and
turns 75 during the first four years of the term, requires the judge or justice to retire on December 31 of the
fourth year of the term.
Analysis (2)
The proposed amendment amends Section 1-a(1), Article V, Texas Constitution, to increase the mandatory
age of retirement of state justices and judges from 75 to 79 years unless the legislature sets a lower mandatory
retirement age. The proposed amendment also increases the lowest age the legislature may prescribe from 70
to 75 years of age.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Associated Builders and Contractors of Texas, Oldham County Attorneys Office, Satutory Probate
Judges of Texas, Texans for Lawsuit Reform, Texas Association of Retired, Senior, and Former Judges, Inc.,
Texas Civil Justice League, Texas Trial Lawyers Association, Texas Trucking Association, Texas Watch
OPPOSE: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
House Author: Four Price (R-87)
Senate Sponsor: Juan “Chuy” Hinojosa (D-20)
Texas Constitutional Amendment – Proposition 14
“The constitutional amendment providing for the creation of the centennial parks conservation fund to be
used for the creation and improvement of state parks.”
Explanatory Statement (1)
SJR 74 proposes a constitutional amendment to establish the centennial parks conservation fund as a trust fund outside the state
treasury. The fund could be used, in accordance with general law, only for the creation and improvement of state parks. The
centennial parks conservation fund would consist of: (1) money appropriated, credited, or transferred to the fund by the
legislature; (2) gifts, grants, and donations received by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) or its successor for a
purpose for which money in the fund may be used; and (3) investment earnings and interest earned on amounts credited to the
fund. The proposed amendment would authorize the legislature to appropriate money from the centennial parks conservation
fund to TPWD or its successor for the creation and improvement of state parks.
Bill Number: SJR 74
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Taxpayer Cost:
$1 B
A
“YES” vote supports amending the state constitution to create the Centennial Parks Conservation Fund—a trust fund for the creation and improvement of state parks.
A
“NO” vote opposes this amendment to create the Centennial Parks Conservation Fund.
Background (2)
The Texas state parks system has traditionally been funded by a combination of user fees, such as park entrance fees, and
legislative appropriations. In 2019, Texas voters approved a constitutional amendment to add Section 7-d to Article VIII,
Texas Constitution, dedicating a portion of the state sales taxes on sporting goods to provide a revenue stream to the Parks and
Wildlife Department. The constitutional amendment proposed by S.J.R. 74, 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, adding
Section 49-e-1, Article III, Texas Constitution, would create the centennial parks conservation fund to provide an additional
dedicated funding source for Texas’ state parks. The proposed fund, named in recognition of the 100th anniversary of the
establishment of the state park system, would be created as a trust fund outside the treasury and would authorize the use of the
fund only for the creation and improvement of state parks, in accordance with general law, and to pay the reasonable expenses of
managing the fund and its assets. The fund would consist of: (1) money appropriated, credited, or transferred to the fund by the
legislature; (2) gifts, grants, and donations received by the Parks and Wildlife Department or the department’s successor in
function for a purpose for which money in the fund may be used under the constitutional provision; and (3) investment earnings
and interest earned on amounts credited to the fund.
Analysis (2)
The proposed amendment also provides that for purposes of the restriction on the rate of growth of appropriations
established by Section 22, Article VIII, Texas Constitution, money in the fund would be dedicated by the Texas Constitution
and an appropriation of state tax revenues to the fund would be treated as if it were an appropriation of revenues
dedicated by the Texas Constitution. Enacted in 2023 by the 88th Legislature in the Regular Session, S.B. 1648 is the
enabling legislation for S.J.R. 74. The bill addresses in more detail the administration of the centennial parks conservation
fund and takes effect only if S.J.R. 74 is approved by the voters at an election to be held November 7, 2023. The 2023
General Appropriations Act appropriates $1 billion to the Parks and Wildlife Department for the centennial parks
conservation fund for the state fiscal year ending August 1, 2024. The appropriation is contingent on enactment of S.B.
1648 and voter approval of this constitutional amendment. See Rider 45, page VI-51, H.B. 1, 88th Legislature, Regular
Session, 2023.
Positions (3)
FAVOR: Environment Texas, Sierra Club Lone Star Chapter, Texans for State Parks, Texas Foundation for
Conservation, Texas Travel Alliance
OPPOSE: Texans For Fiscal Responsibility, True Texas Project
NEUTRAL:
Legislative Authorship/Sponsorship (2)
Senate Author: Tan Parker (R-12)
House Sponsor: Armando Walle (D-140)
Texas Constitutional Amendments – Election Notes
No.
Ballot Wording
Yes
No
1
“The constitutional amendment protecting the right to engage in farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife
management.”
2
“The constitutional amendment authorizing a local option exemption from ad valorem taxation by a county or municipality of all or part of
the appraised value of real property used to operate a child-care facility.”
3
“The constitutional amendment prohibiting the imposition of an individual wealth or net worth tax, including a tax on the difference between
the assets and liabilities of an individual or family.”
4
“The constitutional amendment to authorize the legislature to establish a temporary limit on the maximum appraised value of real property
other than a residence homestead for ad valorem tax purposes; to increase the amount of the exemption from ad valorem taxation by a
school district applicable to residence homesteads from $40,000 to $100,000; to adjust the amount of the limitation on school district ad
valorem taxes imposed on the residence homesteads of the elderly or disabled to reflect increases in certain exemption amounts; to except
certain appropriations to pay for ad valorem tax relief from the constitutional limitation on the rate of growth of appropriations; and to
authorize the legislature to provide for a four-year term of office for a member of the board of directors of certain appraisal districts.”
5
“The constitutional amendment relating to the Texas University Fund, which provides funding to certain institutions of higher education to
achieve national prominence as major research universities and drive the state economy.”
6
“The constitutional amendment creating the Texas water fund to assist in financing water projects in this state.”
7
“The constitutional amendment providing for the creation of the Texas energy fund to support the construction, maintenance,
modernization, and operation of electric generating facilities.”
Texas Constitutional Amendments – Election Notes
No.
Ballot Wording
Yes
No
8
“The constitutional amendment creating the broadband infrastructure fund to expand high-speed broadband access and assist in the
financing of connectivity projects.”
9
“The constitutional amendment authorizing the 88th Legislature to provide a cost-of-living adjustment to certain annuitants of the Teacher
Retirement System of Texas.”
10
“The constitutional amendment to authorize the legislature to exempt from ad valorem taxation equipment or inventory held by a
manufacturer of medical or biomedical products to protect the Texas healthcare network and strengthen our medical supply chain.”
11
“The constitutional amendment authorizing the legislature to permit conservation and reclamation districts in El Paso County to issue bonds
supported by ad valorem taxes to fund the development and maintenance of parks and recreational facilities.”
12
“The constitutional amendment providing for the abolition of the office of county treasurer in Galveston County.”
13
“The constitutional amendment to increase the mandatory age of retirement for state justices and judges.”
14
“The constitutional amendment providing for the creation of the centennial parks conservation fund to be used for the creation and
improvement of state parks.”
Texas Constitutional Amendments – Sources
Content
Ballot Wording
Texas Secretary of State – https:%%//%%www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/forms/2023-explanatory-statements-14-
final.pdf#search=2023%20explanatory%20statements
Tax Payer Cost
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf
Explanatory Statement
Texas Secretary of State – https:%%//%%www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/forms/2023-explanatory-statements-14-
final.pdf#search=2023%20explanatory%20statements
Background
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf ,
https://tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23_condensed.pdf
Analysis
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf ,
https://tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23_condensed.pdf
Positions
True Texas Project– https://truetexasproject.com/nov2023-elections/
Texans For Fiscal Responsibility – https:%%//%%www.texastaxpayers.com/need-to-know-a-look-at-the-texas-constitution-amendment-
propositions-on-the-ballot/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=ncl_amplify&utm_campaign=230817-
the_fiscal_note_8182023&utm_content=ncl-m9cjcHAxgv&_nlid=m9cjcHAxgv&_nhids=YpdtD7j
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf ,
https://tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23_condensed.pdf
Prop 1:
Prop 5:
Texas Constitutional Amendments – Sources
Content
Positions
Prop 6: https:%%//%%ballotpedia.org/Texas_Proposition_6,_Creation_of_the_Water_Fund_Amendment_(2023)
Prop 7: https:%%//%%ballotpedia.org/Texas_Proposition_7,_Creation_of_State_Energy_Fund_Amendment_(2023)
Prop 11:
Legislative Authorship /
Sponsorship
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf
Texas Constitutional Amendments – More References
Content
All
Texas Legislative Council – https:%%//%%tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23.pdf ,
https://tlc.texas.gov/docs/amendments/analyses23_condensed.pdf
https://lwvsa.org/content.aspx?page_id=5&club_id=571900&item_id=89644&
Prop 1
https://www.reporterstatesman.com/articles/128/view
Prop 2
https://www.texastribune.org/2023/08/04/texas-legislature-child-care-budget/
Prop 3
ballot/article_8411708e-55f1-5bae-914c-004a5c7199c2.html
https://www.towntalkradio.com/your-wealth-and-net-worth-could-be-taxed/
Prop 4
https://huffinesliberty.com/news/hlf-session-review-property-taxes
https://www.texastaxpayers.com/chairman-bonnen-kills-path-to-property-tax-elimination/
https://www.texastaxpayers.com/abbott-signs-texas-property-tax-relief-package-into-law/
Prop 5
https://www.texastribune.org/2023/06/05/texas-legislature-universities-higher-education/
Prop 6
https://www.texastribune.org/2023/05/28/texas-water-supply-bill/
Texas Water Development Board: https:%%//%%www.twdb.texas.gov/home/tabs/doc/hot/SB_28-TexasWaterFund-FAQ.pdf
https://texas2036.org/posts/how-the-proposed-new-texas-water-fund-works/
Prop 7
https://www.texastribune.org/2023/06/05/texas-bills-energy-natural-gas-fossil-fuel-renewables/
Texas Constitutional Amendments – More References
Content
Prop 8
https://www.texastribune.org/2023/05/28/legislature-broadband-infrastructure-fund/
Prop 9
https://senate.texas.gov/news.php?id=20230522a
https://hro.house.texas.gov/pdf/ba88r/hjr0002.pdf#navpanes=0
Prop 10
Prop 11
Prop 12
Prop 13
Prop 14